Automobile electric windows and sunroofs are mainly composed of lifting control switches, motors, lifting mechanisms and relays. They use switches to control the current direction of the motor to achieve the lifting (closing) (opening) of the windows and sunroof.

Both the window and the sunroof motor are bidirectional, and the motor is rotated in different directions by changing the direction of the current input to the armature winding. Each window and sunroof has an electric motor, which is a non-direct grounding motor. All power windows have two sets of control devices as shown in Figure 1. One set is the main switch. The driver can control the lifting and lowering of four windows through the main control switch. The other set is the sub-switch, which is installed in each car. In the middle of the window, the passengers can control the lifting of the windows around them. The main switch and the sub-switch do not interfere with each other and can be independently controlled. The sunroof remotely controls the sunroof switch through the driver's operation switch.

Figure 1, window / sunroof control structure

Automotive windows and sunroofs are perfect applications for the LIN bus, especially when the driver controls the movement of four windows through the main control switch. When the driver operates the switch of the window, the central ECU unit sends an instruction to the corresponding MXL81150 through the LIN bus. When the MXL81150 receives the command, it will control the motor to start to raise (close) (open) the window or sunroof.

Figure 2, MCU and MLX81150 communication control motor schematic

The MLX81150 has two independent, fully integrated relay drivers that can be used to drive relays to control DC motors, and to operate the motor's forward and reverse to achieve a lift (off) (open) of the window and sunroof, as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3, MLX81150 relay drive schematic

The MLX81150 has four power FET gate drivers that can be used to drive a full-bridge controlled DC motor that operates the motor's forward and reverse to achieve a lift (off) (open) of the window and sunroof, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4, MLX81150 full bridge drive schematic

MXL81150 main performance:

• Integrated with a high-performance 16-bit embedded flash microcontroller with 32K bytes of flash memory capacity for specific motor control applications, the built-in 4-bit central processor is fully capable of handling the LIN protocol;

• Integrates many external components that are critical to motor control in a compact package, reduces chip peripheral circuitry, reduces PCB design, and reduces bill of materials costs and system power consumption;

• With a LIN communication interface, it accepts commands through LIN to control the start/stop of the motor, enabling remote communication to control the window (sunny) down (off) of the window/sunroof;

• With two relay drivers and four power FET gate drivers, you can choose to drive relays or full-bridge control motors to achieve motor speed regulation via PWM;

• With an interface for connecting the Hall sensor, the position of the window/sunroof is determined by the Hall sensor;

• With current detection interface, the anti-trap function is realized by detecting the running current of the motor;

• The internal EEPROM is used to store the position parameters of the windows and sunroofs;

• The operating current during sleep is only 30uA;

• Normal operating voltage range is 5.5V—18V, chip operating voltage is as low as 3.9V; 28V starting condition, 45V overvoltage protection;

• Temperature range from -40 ° C to 150 ° C;

Details: MXL81150: Controller with MCU, PWM and LAN transceiver

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