The problems of my country's smart grid are mainly manifested in the following six aspects: power generation, transmission, transformation, power distribution, power consumption and dispatch. The following will explain these aspects separately.
1. Power generation link
The most important thing in the power generation link is the source of energy. my country’s source power grids generally focus on low-voltage ride-through, coupled with the poor performance of wind power, which results in the two sustainable energy sources of solar and wind power that cannot be used by the grid. This will cause a lot of losses for other energy sources, which is an urgent problem that needs to be solved when building a smart grid.
2. Transmission link
The distribution of hydropower in my country is mainly concentrated in the southwest and northwest regions, while the areas with relatively large power loads are mainly the southeast coastal areas, which has the contradiction of uneven load and power supply. The main solution is to require a high-voltage, large-capacity power transmission mechanism. While increasing the transmission capacity and increasing the transmission voltage level, it will also bring some new challenges such as power flow control, power quality, and system diagnosis.
3. Power transformation link
Although my country is at a leading level in the development of intelligent substations, the existing automated substation technology provides a more mature platform for smart grids. Although it is technologically advanced, there are still some problems that need to be improved if it is used in the actual smart grid. For example, the level of intelligence of secondary equipment has not yet reached the required level, which is far from the required level of intelligence. The degree of information sharing is not high.
4. Power distribution link
The distribution link is a relatively weak link in the development of smart grids in my country. In the past, my country mainly developed transmission grids, but the level of development of the distribution network could not meet the requirements of matching the construction of smart grids. The main manifestation is that the skeleton of the distribution network is not stable and the network is not stable. The frame structure is weak, the automation technology is not mature enough, and the automation foundation is not solid. In addition, distributed power sources are also necessary in the construction of smart grids, and there are not many applications in this area at present, and they are still in their infancy. Therefore, the low intelligence of the distribution network is also an obvious problem.
5. Electricity link
The intelligence of the smart grid is mainly reflected in the interaction between the power grid and the users. The current power utilization links are mainly manual operations. To achieve intelligence, the original marketing model needs to be intelligent, so that the users and the power grid can interact with each other. Have a better interaction. In addition, the distributed power generation in the form of enterprises and users' own power generation needs to be compatible and seamlessly integrated with the entire power grid in the power utilization link. This is also an important issue to be considered in the power utilization link.
6. Scheduling link
The dispatch link mainly includes installation devices, relay protection, wide-area phasor measurement, etc. In this respect, my country's five-level dispatch system is also relatively leading compared to other countries in the world. However, smart grids need to have UHV grids and large energy construction, so in terms of dispatching, it is necessary to improve the security and control methods of the power grid, and build a sound dispatching communication network.
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