Thanks to government policy support, cheap labor, stable exchange rates, and outsourcing of production processes in developed countries, China's manufacturing industry has developed rapidly over the past decade. However, today's global economic model has significantly changed the overall pattern of manufacturing. With the increase of labor costs, China's labor-intensive industries face the challenges of transformation and upgrading and regional transfer.
The traditional manufacturing migration of the United States and some developed countries has led to the hollowing out of the economies of these countries, and has also prompted these countries to reflect deeply. Through the promotion and application of industrial robots , it has become an important weight for the re-industrialization of these former developed countries. Google’s acquisition of eight robotics companies and their move into logistics/warehouse robots has drawn widespread attention in the industry.
The current situation in China is similar to that of developed countries decades ago. If we cannot solve the problem of machine substitution in labor-intensive industries, it will inevitably lead to the external migration of the entire industry and directly affect the development of the national economy. In order to avoid repeating the mistakes of the traditional manufacturing industry in developed countries, we must pay attention to the "third industrial revolution" with the robot revolution as the entry point.
Industrial robots have the advantages of high work efficiency, stability and reliability, good repeatability, and ability to operate in high-risk environments. They can play an important role in the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industries, especially labor-intensive industries. Based on the above background, this study conducts research on industrial robots for manufacturing, introduces the origin, key technologies and latest application progress of industrial robots, in order to provide reference for industrial robot research.
The term "industrial robot" was proposed by the American Metal Market in 1960 and defined by the American Robot Society as "a programmable multi-function operator for handling mechanical parts or workpieces, or by changing programs." The definition of a special mechanical device for completing various tasks has now been adopted by the International Organization for Standardization.
Early industrial robot
In March 1938, The Meccano Magazine reported on a handling robot model, the first report on a robotic model targeting industrial applications. Designed by Griffith P. Taylor in 1935, Meccan's industrial robots can move five axes with one motor. Subsequently, a patent entitled "Pollard's Positionalspray-paint-ingrobot" was authorized, which is an industrial robot that truly conforms to the current sense. 1.2 The first digital programmable industrial robot
George Charles Devol applied for a patent in 1954. Joseph F. Engelherger founded the world's first robot manufacturing company, Unimation, in 1956, and created a robot called "Uniniate". This is the world's first digitally programmable modern industrial robot. It uses hydraulic drive to generate programs in the form of teaching reproduction. The program can be memorized and repeated, with a positioning accuracy of one ten-thousandth of an inch, and is first applied to GM. Assembly line to complete the handling of the workpiece. Unimatioin's industrial robots were later allowed to be produced in Japan and the United Kingdom by Kawasaki Heavy Industries and GKN respectively.
SMA means surface mount assembly. It is a new generation of electronic assembly technology, which compresses traditional electronic components into a device with a volume of only a few tenths.
Surface mounting is not a new concept, it is derived from earlier processes, such as flat mounting and mixed mounting.
For the assembly of electronic circuits, a point-to-point wiring method was initially adopted, and there was no substrate at all. The packaging of the first semiconductor device uses radial pins, which are inserted into the through holes of the monolithic circuit boards that have been used for the packaging of resistors and capacitors. Active components have been widely used in the past ten years.
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