A variety of robotic mechanisms have been developed, ranging from 3 degrees of freedom to 7 or 8 degrees of freedom, with a series of parallel, vertical and vertical joints and planar joints. The current research focus is on the new structure, function and achievability of robots. The purpose is to make the machine more powerful, flexible and meet the needs of different purposes. In addition, some new design methods of robots are researched, and new high-strength lightweight materials are explored to further increase the load/weight ratio. At the same time, industrial robots are moving towards modularization and reconfigurability.
2, robot control technology
The fully digital control of the robot has been realized, and the control capability can reach the coordinated motion control of 21 axes; the sensor-based control technology has made significant progress. At present, the focus is on open, modular control systems, with a more human-machine interface and a good language and graphical editing interface. At the same time, the standardization and networking of robot controllers and network controllers based on PCs have become a research hotspot. In addition to further improving the operability of online programming, the practical application of offline programming will become the focus of research.
3. Digital servo drive technology
The robot has implemented full digital AC servo drive control with absolute position feedback. At present, it is studying the use of computer technology to explore efficient control drive algorithms, improve the system's response speed and control accuracy, and use the fieldbus (PROFIBUS) technology to achieve distributed control.
4, multi-sensor system technology
In order to further improve the intelligence and adaptability of the robot, the application of various sensors is the key to solving the problem. At present, visual sensors, laser sensors, etc. have been successfully applied in robots. The next research focus is on effective and feasible (especially in the case of nonlinear and non-stationary non-normal distribution) multi-sensor fusion algorithm, and to solve the practical problems of the sensing system.
5, robot application technology
The robot application technology mainly includes the optimized design and intelligent operation of the robot working environment. Optimized design mainly uses various advanced computer tools to realize dynamic analysis and simulation of design, improve design efficiency and optimization. Intelligent work uses sensor technology and control methods to achieve high flexibility and adaptability to the environment while reducing the complexity of operator involvement. At present, the robot's homework mainly relies on human participation to achieve teaching, lacking the ability of self-learning and self-improvement. Research work in this area has just begun.
6, robot network technology
Networking has enabled robots to evolve from stand-alone systems to group systems, making it possible to remotely monitor, maintain and remotely control brain-type plants, a milestone in the development of robotics. At present, robots only implement simple network communication and control. Networked robots are one of the hotspots in robot research.
7, robot dexterity and intelligent development
The robot structure is becoming more and more dexterous, the control system is getting smaller and smaller, its intelligence is getting higher and higher, and it is developing towards integration.
8. Technical development trend of industrial robots
Industrial robots are the most typical mechatronics equipment. The technology has high added value and wide application range. As a supporting technology of advanced manufacturing industry and an emerging industry of information society, it will become more and more important for future production and social development. effect. From the products launched by the world robots in recent years, industrial robot technology is developing towards intelligent machines and intelligent systems. Its development trend is mainly modularization and reconfigurability of structures, openness of control technology, PCization and Networking, digitization and decentralization of servo drive technology, practical use of multi-sensor fusion technology, optimization of work environment design and flexibility of operation, and network and intelligentization of systems.
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